James evan jeffebies



NITED STATES PATENT JAMES E. J EFFERIES, OF YEO BANK, OONGRESBURY,ENGLAND.

DUPLICATE PAPER FOR PRODUCING COPIES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Il-Iatent No. 231,672, datedAugust 31, 1880.

Application filed April 3, 1880. (No model.) Patented in England August22, 1879.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES EVAN JEFFE- RIES, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain, residing at Yeo Bank, Oongresbury, in the county ofSomerset, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDuplicate Paper for Producing Copies, for which I have received LettersPatent in England, No. 3,391, dated 22d day of August, 1879; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, which will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In order that writing or drawing or printing may simultaneously beproduced on two or more sheets of paper, I use paper which is to someextent pervious to the ink which is to be used for producing the writingor drawing, and I cause the blank sheets of paper which are to besimultaneously written or drawn upon to adhere together face to facewithout at the same time rendering them impervious to the ink. Paper somade up of two or more sufficiently thin blank sheets I call duplicateor multiplex writing or drawing or printing paper. i

The sheets of paper I cause to adhere to one another sufficiently toprevent them from separating too readily from one another, but yet toallow of their being separated one from the other after they have beenwritten, drawn, or printed on.- The best inks to use for writ ing ordrawing on such prepared paper are inks containing some of the anilinedyes, or else inks containing weak acid or caustic alkalies, which willreadily penetrate the paper and act onany coloring or other matter whichthe lower sheet or sheets of paper may contain. The sheets of papershould be comparatively thin, and when it is required that the papershould be stiff, like ordinary letter-paper, itis better to use starchas the thickening and stiffin g matter than to use ordinary size.

Various ways may be adopted for causing two or more sheets of paper toadhere together to the extent above mentioned. In many cases it issufficient to press the sheets together when slightly moist, and at thesame time slightly emboss both sheets by one or other of thepressing-surfaces being toothed or roughened. If the pressing togetherof the sheets interpose calico or linen between the paper and one, or itmight be both, of the hard-pressing rollers used to press the paperstogether;

or the sheets of paper may be passed between metal or other rollers thesurface of one of which has engraved or formed upon it a pattern inimitation of linen or such like woven fabric, while the surface of theother roller is preferably surrounded by vulcanized indiarubber or otherelastic material; or, in place of moistening the sheets of paper withwater before pressing them, the adjacent surfaces might be coated with avery thin solution of starch or other suitable adhesive material, or thepaper might be moistened with very dilute hydrochloric acid. In manycases it would be sufficient to prepare the surface of the upper sheetof paper with a smooth or polished surface for writing on, while itsunder surface would be left un glazed, so that it may readily adhere tothe sheet of paper below it when pressure is applied. This pressure maybe given at the time of making up the paper into books or pads, orsubsequently. Paper thus composed of two or more sheets, separable onefrom the other, may be used for a great variety of purposes. Forexample, the sheets may be bound up into books, and the books used asletter-books, or order-books, or bankers check-books, or books ofpost-office orders, or such like, may be made up from such paper. Forthese purposes it would ordinarily be sufficient for the paper to bemade up from two sheets only. Thus when a letter or order was written onthe upper surface of any one of the duplicate leaves of the book the inkused (or acid or other penetrating'fiuid contained in the ink) wouldpenetrate through the sheets of which such leaf was composed, and whenthe letter or order had been written the sheets composing the leaf mightbe separated from one another, and one torn off and sent away while theother was retained in the book. In the same way a record would be keptof the filling in of all checks or postoffice orders, or such like, whensuch checks or post-office orders were printed on duplicate paper formedas above described.

The Writing on one leaf of the book would copies simultaneously in themanner specified, [o in most cases not penetrate through from this thesame consisting of the temporarily-adherleaf to the next leaf below it.The thin film ing thin blank sheets, substantially as hereinof airbetween the leaves would be sufficient before set forth.

5 to prevent this. JAMES EVAN JEFFERIES.

Having thus described my invention, I Witnesses: would state that Iclaim NICHOLAS G. HEAVEN, The hereinbeforedescribed prepared (lupli-SAMUEL 'WM. REED,

cate paper by which to produce two or more Clerks to Mr. A; H. Wcmsey,Solicitor, Bristol.-

